The association of type 2-diaebtes with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia, some of which are fatal, is well recognised.  An important factor that contributes to increase susceptibility of those with diabetes to pneumococcal infections is impairments in cells of immune system such as neutrophils, which are required for optimal killing of invading pathogens. While the exact mechanism of impairment in neutrophil function remains poorly understood, there are mounting evidence suggesting an association between abnormally high levels of glucose (hyperglycemia) and functional impairments in neutrophils. This study evaluates the possible role of hyperglycemia and its associated oxidative stress, on impairment of neutrophil functions. This project helped in developing a complete understanding of neutrophil responses in diabetes, which aids in predicting outcome of vaccination and help in designing strategies to enhance the function of neutrophils in diabetes.