Environmental contributions to the development of T2DM potentially include exposures such as suboptimal in utero environment, low birth weight, obesity, inactivity and advancing age. Among environmental factors, lifestyle and dietary changes are linked to fuelling a worldwide epidemic of this disease, which also leads to development of comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular disease and other complexities in T2DM. This research suggests that specific lifestyle and dietary habits of Pakistani population lead to changes in gene expression, which involve epigenetic factors like specific non-coding RNAs in diabetes. These non-coding RNAs will regulate specific genes, which lead to development of disease and comorbid conditions such as cardiovascular conditions. Discovery of circulating non-coding RNAs will not only provide an excellent tool to understand development of diabetes in such a high number in Pakistan but will also lead to the development of a robust method for early diagnosis of cardiovascular disease in those with diabetes